I purchased three lots at Swann Galleries this past November. Their common denominators were (1) they related to the mid-Hudson Valley (of New York State), and (2) they were archival in their approach – defined as focused on a single subject. And they were both large and sprawling. When you think about buying collectible paper, it’s usually about a single book, manuscript, map or ephemeron. When you browse our 14.6 million past auction lots, you can see that’s what has consistently sold over the past fifty years.
Interestingly, that’s not how it started. In the mid-19th century, it was more of a free-for-all.
In the 19th century, the significance of rarity was just beginning to be monetized at auction. You could find breathtaking rarities nearby piles of interesting but mundane ephemera. It really was a let-the-market-decide moment.
Over the later decades, the market divided by the 1890’s, elevating books while dropping all but the most important ephemera. Since then, many dealers and auction houses have tried to make a living with ephemera. Not many did. Many collectors doubted a printed sheet or letter could be worth much and often it was.
One lot I recently received was roughly 1,600 letters, printed documents, photographs, maps, brochures, and a mishmash of you can’t believe it gems. Beyond all else, the lot included several wonderful examples of print on cloth.
It brings to mind the endless dealer refrain there are no new collectors. Just yesterday I described this lot to a 30 something collector and he was starting to say I want it. My response: No No No. This is going to be nearby where I read in the evening, to explore and wonder about. This is what collecting is about.
For your reference here is Swann’s lot description.
Sale and Lot Number: 2687-183
Records of the Sterling iron mines and railway in Orange County.
(NEW YORK.) Records of the Sterling iron mines and railway in Orange County. Hundreds of items (1 linear foot) including manuscripts, 46 large maps and plans, 11 photographs, and printed ephemera; condition varies but generally minor wear; some items with the inked stamp of early owner A. Brodrick. Sterlington, NY, 1859-1948
Dates of the Material: 1859-1948
Estimate: USD 1500.0 - USD 2500.0
Realized Price: USD 4,250
This company traced its roots to an iron forge in Ramapo, NY as far back as 1736. The company was sold out of family hands in 1864, and soon split into two related companies: Sterling Iron and Railway Company, and the Sterling Mountain Railway Company (both are represented in this collection). The mine wrapped up its operations in 1923, but the company retained control of property through at least 1936.
One folder of correspondence relates to the purchase of a new locomotive from the Baldwin Locomotive Works, 1891-1892; it is notable for three appended photographs of the machine, unmounted.
Another folder of miscellaneous correspondence, 1878-1936, contains one unusual personal letter dated 31 January 1878, from a Sterling Furnace worker named James Akers to his father, describing an industrial accident in which a co-worker was buried in a ditch by a collapsing oven: "All we can see of him is his head and sholder . . . It killed him instly. . . . Evry one is doing their best to get the boddy out. . . P.S. Friday we got John out this morning at 8 o'clock. He was mashe up bad. They are washing him now before sending him home." A small drawing of the accident site ends the letter.
Also of interest for labor history are two packets of monthly pay lists, one from 1889 and one from 1916, plus pay receipts from 1916. A small account book from the Sterling Store shows one worker's purchases there in 1900 and 1901.
A small pencil drawing is titled "Locomotive #2 with Fireman Ben Johnson . . . after Leaving Sterling Furnace Station," drawn by mine foreman Sam Larsons in 1889.
Three packets of waybills document the railroad's cargo near the end of its operations.
Among the company reports are several 1890 industrial census schedules completed in manuscript for the company's mines.
Printed ephemera includes two copies of an 1880 employment broadside headed "Wanted 150 Miners . . . The mines are dry and well ventilated"; 4 of the railway's annual "Commutation Tickets" good for 50 trips; 3 blank fishing permits for the company's lands, "to be shown to the game keeper"; 3 copies of a linen broadside "Notice, the Following Rules to be Observed by All Employees" regarding mine safety; and another linen broadside of "Rules to be Observed by Employees . . . and others Occupying the Companies' Houses." The collection also includes stocks, bonds, financial records, and a file of news clippings.
Finally, an additional group of oversized maps and plans includes 19 manuscripts on paper or architectural vellum, 1859-1916 and undated; 23 blueprints, 1899-1927 and undated (some being period reproductions of the manuscripts); and 4 printed and photostatic maps, 1924 and undated; plus tracings done on 15 sheets in 1948 by an early owner of the archive. Some of the folding maps are quite large, with one of the manuscripts being 491/2 x 58 inches.
A few sample manuscript maps include "Sketch Showing the Present Condition on the Lower California Mine on the Sterling Estate," 91/4 x 143/4 inches, May 1859; "Map of the Sterling Estate Situated in Orange County, N.Y. and Owned by Messers Townsend," 42 x 403/4 inches, the only one of these maps which is quite worn, but also present in a nice clean tracing, 1859; "Map and Profile of the Sterling Mountain Railroad," 131/2 x 191/2 inches, 1864; "Map of the Located Line of Southfield Branch Railroad, 201/2 x 221/2 inches, 1867; "Sterlington, N.Y. Topographical Map Showing Proposed Improvements on Bering Tract," 28 x 38 inches, 1906; "Map of Site of Proposed Lake near Sterling Furnace," 28 x 42 inches, 1906; "Map of the Sterling and Lake Mines, Property of the Sterling Iron & Railway Co.," 54 x 41 inches; and "Map of the lands in the Towns of Monroe, Woodbury and Tuxedo . . . Conveyed by Mary W. Harriman to W. Averill Harriman".
Sterlington, NY
![<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 72. Edwards (George). <i>A Natural History of Uncommon Birds…</i> [and] <i>Gleanings of Natural History,</i> 7 volumes, 1st edition, 1743-64. £7,000-10,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/7f9e9df2-b83a-40aa-a1b7-a535a02705d5.jpg "<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 72. Edwards (George). <i>A Natural History of Uncommon Birds…</i> [and] <i>Gleanings of Natural History,</i> 7 volumes, 1st edition, 1743-64. £7,000-10,000")
![<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 236. <i>A New Dictionary of the Terms Ancient and Modern of the Canting Crew…,</i> By B. E. Gent., 1st edition, [1699]. £3,000-4,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/1832c377-f148-4e66-ba22-33bef01d81a7.jpg "<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 236. <i>A New Dictionary of the Terms Ancient and Modern of the Canting Crew…,</i> By B. E. Gent., 1st edition, [1699]. £3,000-4,000")
![<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 280. Elgar (Edward). <i>Concerto for Violin and Orchestra,</i> [1910], signed presentation copy. £500-800](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/df958814-0689-4876-8b73-cfe5c0c6ad24.jpg "<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 280. Elgar (Edward). <i>Concerto for Violin and Orchestra,</i> [1910], signed presentation copy. £500-800")
![<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 286 - Walton (William, 1902-1983). Autograph manuscript full score for <i>Belshazzar’s Feast,</i> [1930-31]. £20,000-30,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/5ac2876b-2794-47d3-9df7-c4a002016bd6.jpg "<b>Dominic Winter, Jan. 28:</b> Lot 286 - Walton (William, 1902-1983). Autograph manuscript full score for <i>Belshazzar’s Feast,</i> [1930-31]. £20,000-30,000")
![<b>Sotheby’s, Jan. 27:</b> [World War II]. An archive of maps and files documenting the allied campaign in Europe, from the early stages of planning for D-Day and Operation Overlord, to Germany’s surrender. $200,000 to $300,000.](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/9d2762bc-9f26-47ef-96de-1c28070e19f6.png "<b>Sotheby’s, Jan. 27:</b> [World War II]. An archive of maps and files documenting the allied campaign in Europe, from the early stages of planning for D-Day and Operation Overlord, to Germany’s surrender. $200,000 to $300,000.")
![<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Plato. [<i>Apanta ta tou Platonos. Omnia Platonis opera</i>], 2 parts in 2 vol., editio princeps of Plato's works in the original Greek, Venice, House of Aldus, 1513. £8,000-12,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/df7dd9ac-f0d0-4cb3-a44d-2731758530e4.png "<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Plato. [<i>Apanta ta tou Platonos. Omnia Platonis opera</i>], 2 parts in 2 vol., editio princeps of Plato's works in the original Greek, Venice, House of Aldus, 1513. £8,000-12,000")
![<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Book of Hours, Use of Rome, In Latin, illuminated manuscript on vellum, [Southern Netherlands (probably Bruges), c.1460]. £6,000-8,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/c40bad29-8cb5-4347-a0fd-5361d39e84a5.png "<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Book of Hours, Use of Rome, In Latin, illuminated manuscript on vellum, [Southern Netherlands (probably Bruges), c.1460]. £6,000-8,000")
![<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Powell (Anthony). [<i>A Dance to the Music of Time</i>], 12 vol., first editions, each with a signed presentation inscription from the author to Osbert Lancaster, 1951-75. £6,000-8,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/b7fdee12-4803-4d32-9330-a5729091cb92.png "<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Powell (Anthony). [<i>A Dance to the Music of Time</i>], 12 vol., first editions, each with a signed presentation inscription from the author to Osbert Lancaster, 1951-75. £6,000-8,000")
![<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Herschel (Sir John F. W.) Collection of 69 offprints, extracts and separate publications by Herschel, bound for his son, William James Herschel, 3 vol., [1813-50]. £15,000-20,000](https://ae-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AdvertisementPhotos/a06cc0dd-7619-45e9-b155-5ad75ed7b2e5.png "<b>Forum, Jan. 29:</b> Herschel (Sir John F. W.) Collection of 69 offprints, extracts and separate publications by Herschel, bound for his son, William James Herschel, 3 vol., [1813-50]. £15,000-20,000")