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Articles - November - 2024 Issue

How an 800-Year-Old Library Preserves Its Books from Mold and Bugs

- by Michael Stillman

Old books being aired out (from NHK World video)

Old books being aired out (from NHK World video)

Old books are being preserved at Japan's oldest school and perhaps oldest library in a manner I had not seen before. The founding dates of the school and library are unknown, but it is believed that the library dates to the 12th century, the school earlier. Currently, it holds 17,000 volumes, including some that are very old. Presumably, they have some experience with preserving books though I don't know how long this practice has been used.

 

The Ashikaga Gakko (school), north of Tokyo, airs out their books once a year. This is to protect them from mold and bugs. They take a group of books from the library, in this particular group 53, and lay them out on the floor of an adjoining room. Staff members don face masks and gloves. They then proceed to open the pages, one-by-one, to expose them to dry air. If it is a rainy day, they take a pass. They also check out the bindings for any damage. The process goes on through October and November until all the old and valuable books have been aired out.

 

Do any libraries in America do this? Some collectors apparently air out their books on occasion but I don't know if this is done by any with seriously valuable books. The major libraries are climate controlled and presumably this is sufficient to discourage mold and bugs. Airing out may be a low-tech way for a library without the funds to provide advanced climate controls.

 

One obvious downside of this method is that the books are being opened and the pages turned once a year. The reality is every time a book is opened and the pages turned, it suffers some damage, even if miniscule and unnoticeable. Add that up for a few decades, even centuries, and the book is unlikely to be quite the same. This is why major libraries consider their most valuable volumes untouchable. Maybe once in awhile they will open one to a page and put it in a display case, but don't expect to get any closer.

 

Still, if you have books of medium value, but don't have perfect climatic conditions in your house, this might be a good idea. But, I'm not an expert on this, so here is some advice from the people who have to know – the Library of Congress.

Rare Book Monthly

  • <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 11. Blaeu's Superb World Map on a Polar Projection (1695) Est. $5,500 - $7,000 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 36. Schedel's Ancient World Map with Humanoid Creatures (1493) Est. $14,000 - $17,000 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 49. One of the First Lunar Globes to Show the Far Side of the Moon (1963) Est. $1,000 - $1,300 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 5. The First World Map with Lavish Allegorical Vignettes of the Continents (1594) Est. $15,000 - $17,000 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 55. Anti-British Propaganda Map with Churchill as an Octopus (1942) Est. $2,000 - $2,300 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 197. One of the Most Influential Maps of Westward Expansion (1846) Est. $9,500 - $12,000 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 10. Scarce Pitt Edition of Carte-a-Figures Map of the World (1680) Est. $9,500 - $11,000 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 220. A Fine, Early Rendering of San Francisco (1874) Est. $2,200 - $2,500 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 707. Hand-Colored Image of the Presentation of Jesus with Gilt Highlights (1450) Est. $1,600 - $1,900 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 80. One of the Most Important Maps Perpetuating the Myth of the Island of California (1680) Est. $3,250 - $4,000 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 725. Homann's Atlas Featuring 26 Folio-Sized Maps in Original Color (1715) Est. $4,500 - $5,500 <b>Old World Auctions (Feb 11):</b><br>Lot 169. One of the Earliest Maps to Show Philadelphia (1695) Est. $4,750 - $6,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 11. Blaeu's Superb World Map on a Polar Projection (1695) Est. $5,500 - $7,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 36. Schedel's Ancient World Map with Humanoid Creatures (1493) Est. $14,000 - $17,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 49. One of the First Lunar Globes to Show the Far Side of the Moon (1963) Est. $1,000 - $1,300
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 5. The First World Map with Lavish Allegorical Vignettes of the Continents (1594) Est. $15,000 - $17,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 55. Anti-British Propaganda Map with Churchill as an Octopus (1942) Est. $2,000 - $2,300
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 197. One of the Most Influential Maps of Westward Expansion (1846) Est. $9,500 - $12,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 10. Scarce Pitt Edition of Carte-a-Figures Map of the World (1680) Est. $9,500 - $11,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 220. A Fine, Early Rendering of San Francisco (1874) Est. $2,200 - $2,500
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 707. Hand-Colored Image of the Presentation of Jesus with Gilt Highlights (1450) Est. $1,600 - $1,900
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 80. One of the Most Important Maps Perpetuating the Myth of the Island of California (1680) Est. $3,250 - $4,000
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 725. Homann's Atlas Featuring 26 Folio-Sized Maps in Original Color (1715) Est. $4,500 - $5,500
    Old World Auctions (Feb 11):
    Lot 169. One of the Earliest Maps to Show Philadelphia (1695) Est. $4,750 - $6,000
  • <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> DALVIMART, Octavien ou d’ALVIMAR(T). The Costume of Turkey <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> DALVIMART, Octavien ou d’ALVIMAR(T)]. CLARK. The Military Costume of Turkey <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> HOMMAIRE DE HELL, Ignace-Xavier. LAURENS, Jules. Voyage en Turquie et en Perse <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> POSTEL, Guillaume. De la République des Turc <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> PREZIOSI, Amadeo. Stamboul. Souvenir d’Orient. <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> COSTUMES. EMPIRE OTTOMAN. <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> PRISSE D'AVENNES, Achille Constant T. Emile. L'Art Arabe <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> PRISSE D'AVENNES. Histoire de l'art Egyptie <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> BESANCENOT, Jean. Costumes et types du Maroc. <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> COSTUMES OTTOMANS. Suite de figures ottomanes à l’aquarelle <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> LES MILLE ET UNE NUIT, contes arabes <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> SCHLEGEL, Hermann et A. H. VERSTER van WULVERHORST. Traité de Fauconnerie - Planches <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b> THEVENOT, Melchisédec. Relation de divers voyages curieux <b>Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:</b>
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: DALVIMART, Octavien ou d’ALVIMAR(T). The Costume of Turkey
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: DALVIMART, Octavien ou d’ALVIMAR(T)]. CLARK. The Military Costume of Turkey
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: HOMMAIRE DE HELL, Ignace-Xavier. LAURENS, Jules. Voyage en Turquie et en Perse
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: POSTEL, Guillaume. De la République des Turc
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: PREZIOSI, Amadeo. Stamboul. Souvenir d’Orient.
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: COSTUMES. EMPIRE OTTOMAN.
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: PRISSE D'AVENNES, Achille Constant T. Emile. L'Art Arabe
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: PRISSE D'AVENNES. Histoire de l'art Egyptie
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: BESANCENOT, Jean. Costumes et types du Maroc.
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: COSTUMES OTTOMANS. Suite de figures ottomanes à l’aquarelle
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: LES MILLE ET UNE NUIT, contes arabes
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: SCHLEGEL, Hermann et A. H. VERSTER van WULVERHORST. Traité de Fauconnerie - Planches
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11: THEVENOT, Melchisédec. Relation de divers voyages curieux
    Gros & Delettrez, Feb. 11:
  • <b><center>Forum Auctions<br>Online: India<br>Ends 19th February 2026</center></b> <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 40<br>Ramasvami (Kavali Venkata). <i>A Digest of the Different Castes of India,</i> 83 charming hand-coloured lithographed plates, Madras, 1837. £5,000-7,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 50<br>Watson (John Forbes) & John William Kaye. <i>The People of India: A Series of Photographic Illustrations...of the Races and Tribes of Hindustan,</i> 8 vol., 480 mounted albumen prints, 1868-75. £4,000-6,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 53<br>Afghanistan.- Elphinstone (Hon. Mountstuart). <i>An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul,</i> first edition, hand-coloured aquatint plates, a fine copy, 1815. £2,000-3,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 57<br>[Album and Treatise on Hinduism], manuscript treatise on Hinduism in French, 31 watercolours of Hindu deities, Pondicherry, 1865. £3,000-4,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 62 Allan (Capt. Alexander). <i>Views in the Mysore Country,</i> [1794]. £2,000-3,000 <b><center>Forum Auctions<br>Online: India<br>Ends 19th February 2026</center></b> <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 76<br>Bird (James). <i>Historical Researches on the Origin and Principles of the Bauddha and Jaina Religions...,</i> first edition, lithographed plates, Bombay, American Mission Press, 1847. £3,000-4,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 100<br>Ceylon.- Daniell (Samuel). <i>A Picturesque Illustration of the scenery, animals, and native inhabitants, of the Island of Ceylon: in twelve plates, 1808. £5,000-7,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 123<br>D'Oyly (Charles). <i>Behar Amateur Lithographic Scrap Book,</i> lithographed throughout with title and 55 plates mounted on 43 paper leaves, [Patna], [1828]. £3,000-5,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 139<br>Gandhi (known as Mahatma Gandhi,) Fine Autograph Letter signed to Jawaharlal Nehru, Sevagram, Wardha, 1942, emphasising the importance of education in rural communities. £10,000-15,000 <b><center>Forum Auctions<br>Online: India<br>Ends 19th February 2026</center></b> <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 140<br>Gantz (John). <i>Indian Microcosm,</i> first edition, Madras, John Gantz & Son, 1827. £10,000-15,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 146<br>Grierson (Sir George Abraham). <i>Linguistic Survey of India,</i> 11 vol. in 20, folding maps, original cloth, Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, 1903-28. £2,000-3,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 195<br>Madras.- Fort St. George Gazette (The), No.276-331, pp.493-936 and Index to all of 1834 at end, modern half calf, Madras, 2nd July - 31st December 1834. £2,000-3,000 <b>Forum, Feb. 19:</b> Lot 205<br>Marshall (Sir John) and Alfred Foucher. <i>The Monuments of Sanchi,</i> 3 vol., first edition, 141 plates, most photogravure, [Calcutta], [1940]. £3,000-4,000
    Forum Auctions
    Online: India
    Ends 19th February 2026
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 40
    Ramasvami (Kavali Venkata). A Digest of the Different Castes of India, 83 charming hand-coloured lithographed plates, Madras, 1837. £5,000-7,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 50
    Watson (John Forbes) & John William Kaye. The People of India: A Series of Photographic Illustrations...of the Races and Tribes of Hindustan, 8 vol., 480 mounted albumen prints, 1868-75. £4,000-6,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 53
    Afghanistan.- Elphinstone (Hon. Mountstuart). An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul, first edition, hand-coloured aquatint plates, a fine copy, 1815. £2,000-3,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 57
    [Album and Treatise on Hinduism], manuscript treatise on Hinduism in French, 31 watercolours of Hindu deities, Pondicherry, 1865. £3,000-4,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 62 Allan (Capt. Alexander). Views in the Mysore Country, [1794]. £2,000-3,000
    Forum Auctions
    Online: India
    Ends 19th February 2026
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 76
    Bird (James). Historical Researches on the Origin and Principles of the Bauddha and Jaina Religions..., first edition, lithographed plates, Bombay, American Mission Press, 1847. £3,000-4,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 100
    Ceylon.- Daniell (Samuel). A Picturesque Illustration of the scenery, animals, and native inhabitants, of the Island of Ceylon: in twelve plates, 1808. £5,000-7,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 123
    D'Oyly (Charles). Behar Amateur Lithographic Scrap Book, lithographed throughout with title and 55 plates mounted on 43 paper leaves, [Patna], [1828]. £3,000-5,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 139
    Gandhi (known as Mahatma Gandhi,) Fine Autograph Letter signed to Jawaharlal Nehru, Sevagram, Wardha, 1942, emphasising the importance of education in rural communities. £10,000-15,000
    Forum Auctions
    Online: India
    Ends 19th February 2026
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 140
    Gantz (John). Indian Microcosm, first edition, Madras, John Gantz & Son, 1827. £10,000-15,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 146
    Grierson (Sir George Abraham). Linguistic Survey of India, 11 vol. in 20, folding maps, original cloth, Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, 1903-28. £2,000-3,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 195
    Madras.- Fort St. George Gazette (The), No.276-331, pp.493-936 and Index to all of 1834 at end, modern half calf, Madras, 2nd July - 31st December 1834. £2,000-3,000
    Forum, Feb. 19: Lot 205
    Marshall (Sir John) and Alfred Foucher. The Monuments of Sanchi, 3 vol., first edition, 141 plates, most photogravure, [Calcutta], [1940]. £3,000-4,000
  • <b>Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26:</b> HAMILTON, Sir William (1730-1803) - Campi Phlegraei. Napoli: [Pietro Fabris], 1776, 1779. € 30.000 - 50.000 <b>Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26:</b> [MORTIER] - BLAEU, Joannes (1596-1673) - Het Nieuw Stede Boek van Italie. Amsterdam: Pieter Mortier, 1704-1705. € 15.000 - 25.000 <b>Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26:</b> TULLIO D'ALBISOLA (1899-1971) - Bruno MUNARI (1907-1998) - L'Anguria lirica (lungo poema passionale). Roma e Savona: Edizioni Futuriste di Poesia, senza data [ma 1933?]. € 20.000 - 30.000 <b>Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26:</b> IL MANOSCRITTO RITROVATO DI IPPOLITA MARIA SFORZA. TITO LIVIO - Ab Urbe Condita. Prima Decade. Manoscritto miniato su pergamena, metà XV secolo. € 280.000 - 350.000
    Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26: HAMILTON, Sir William (1730-1803) - Campi Phlegraei. Napoli: [Pietro Fabris], 1776, 1779. € 30.000 - 50.000
    Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26: [MORTIER] - BLAEU, Joannes (1596-1673) - Het Nieuw Stede Boek van Italie. Amsterdam: Pieter Mortier, 1704-1705. € 15.000 - 25.000
    Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26: TULLIO D'ALBISOLA (1899-1971) - Bruno MUNARI (1907-1998) - L'Anguria lirica (lungo poema passionale). Roma e Savona: Edizioni Futuriste di Poesia, senza data [ma 1933?]. € 20.000 - 30.000
    Il Ponte, Feb. 25-26: IL MANOSCRITTO RITROVATO DI IPPOLITA MARIA SFORZA. TITO LIVIO - Ab Urbe Condita. Prima Decade. Manoscritto miniato su pergamena, metà XV secolo. € 280.000 - 350.000
  • <b><center>Sotheby's Fine Books & Manuscripts<br>Available for Immediate Purchase</center></b> <b>Sotheby’s:</b> Balthus, Emily Brontë. <i>Wuthering Heights,</i> New York: The Limited Editions Club, 1993. 6,600 USD. <b>Sotheby’s:</b> Charles Dickens. <i>Complete Works,</i> Philadelphia & London: J.B. Lippincott Company & Chapman & Hall, LD, 1850. Limited Edition set of 30 volumes. 7,500 USD. <b>Sotheby’s:</b> John Lennon, Yoko Ono. Handwritten Letter from John Lennon and Yoko Ono to their Chauffer. 1971. 32,500 USD. <b>Sotheby’s:</b> Winston Churchill. First edition of <i>War Speeches,</i> Cassell and Company, Ltd., 1941. Set of 7 volumes. 5,500 USD. <b>Sotheby’s:</b> Andy Warhol, Julia Warhola. <i>Holy Cats</i> First Edition, Signed by Andy Warhol. 1954. 30,000 USD.
    Sotheby's Fine Books & Manuscripts
    Available for Immediate Purchase
    Sotheby’s: Balthus, Emily Brontë. Wuthering Heights, New York: The Limited Editions Club, 1993. 6,600 USD.
    Sotheby’s: Charles Dickens. Complete Works, Philadelphia & London: J.B. Lippincott Company & Chapman & Hall, LD, 1850. Limited Edition set of 30 volumes. 7,500 USD.
    Sotheby’s: John Lennon, Yoko Ono. Handwritten Letter from John Lennon and Yoko Ono to their Chauffer. 1971. 32,500 USD.
    Sotheby’s: Winston Churchill. First edition of War Speeches, Cassell and Company, Ltd., 1941. Set of 7 volumes. 5,500 USD.
    Sotheby’s: Andy Warhol, Julia Warhola. Holy Cats First Edition, Signed by Andy Warhol. 1954. 30,000 USD.

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